Uppercase letters in XHTML tags

Uppercase letters in XHTML tags

In XHTML, unlike HTML, element and attribute names must be all lowercase. For example, onMouseOver is an invalid attribute in XHTML, which requires use of onmouseover instead. Either is fine in HTML.

Ampersands (&'s) in URLs

Ampersands (&'s) in URLs

Another common error occurs when including a URL which contains an ampersand ("&"):

<!-- This is invalid! --> <a href="foo.cgi?chapter=1&section=2&copy=3&lang=en">...</a>

This example generates an error for "unknown entity section" because the "&" is assumed to begin an entity reference. Browsers often recover safely from this kind of error, but real problems do occur in some cases. In this example, many browsers correctly convert &copy=3 to ©=3, which may cause the link to fail. Since ⟨ is the HTMLentity for the left-pointing angle bracket, some browsers also convert &lang=en to 〈=en. And one old browser even finds the entity §, converting &section=2 to §ion=2.

To avoid problems with both validators and browsers, always use & in place of &when writing URLs in HTML:

<a href="foo.cgi?chapter=1&amp;section=2&amp;copy=3&amp;lang=en">...</a>

Note that replacing & with &amp; is only done when writing the URLin HTML, where "&" is a special character (along with "<" and ">"). When writing the same URLin a plain text email message or in the location bar of your browser, you would use "&" and not "&amp;". With HTML, the browser translates "&amp;" to "&" so the Web server would only see "&" and not "&amp;" in the query string of the request.

Writing HTML in a SCRIPT Element

Writing HTML in a SCRIPT Element

A common error (and the most common source of erroneous bug reports for the WDG HTML Validator) occurs when writing HTML tags within a SCRIPT element:

<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
  // This is an error!
  document.write("</P>");
// -->
</script>

As mentioned in the HTML 4 Recommendation's note about specifying non-HTML data in element content, end tags are recognized within SCRIPT elements, but other kinds of markup--such as start tags and comments--are not. This is an unintuitive quirk of SGMLfor elements defined to have CDATA content.
Authors should avoid using strings such as "</P>" in their embedded scripts. In JavaScript, authors may use a backslash to prevent the string from being parsed as markup:

<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
  document.write("<\/P>");
// -->
</script>

Note that in XHTML, authors must also take care when using start tags within a script element. For details, see the Script and Style elements section of the XHTML 1.0 Recommendation as well as the HTML compatibility guideline for embedded scripts.

BUBBLES CURSOR TRAIL

BUBBLES CURSOR TRAIL



Wherever your cursor moves there will be bubbles going to the top of the screen.



Search new Array(“#a6f”, “#60f”, “#60f”, “#a6f”, “#ccc”); you can change the colours using the colour codes just replace the parts that are striked out.

<script type="text/javascript">

// <![CDATA[

var colours=new Array("#a6f", "#60f", "#60f", "#a6f", "#ccc"); // colours for top, right, bottom and left borders and background of bubbles

var bubbles=66; // maximum number of bubbles on screen

/****************************

* JavaScript Bubble Cursor  *

* (c) 2010 mf2fm web-design *

*  http://www.mf2fm.com/rv  *

* DON'T EDIT BELOW THIS BOX *

****************************/

var x=ox=400;

var y=oy=300;

var swide=800;

var shigh=600;

var sleft=sdown=0;

var bubb=new Array();

var bubbx=new Array();

var bubby=new Array();

var bubbs=new Array();

window.onload=function() { if (document.getElementById) {

  var rats, div;

  for (var i=0; i<bubbles; i++) {

    rats=createDiv("3px", "3px");

rats.style.visibility="hidden";

div=createDiv("auto", "auto");

    rats.appendChild(div);

div=div.style;

    div.top="1px";

    div.left="0px";

div.bottom="1px";

div.right="0px";

div.borderLeft="1px solid "+colours[3];

div.borderRight="1px solid "+colours[1];

    div=createDiv("auto", "auto");

rats.appendChild(div);

div=div.style;

    div.top="0px";

    div.left="1px";

div.right="1px";

div.bottom="0px"

div.borderTop="1px solid "+colours[0];

div.borderBottom="1px solid "+colours[2];

div=createDiv("auto", "auto");

rats.appendChild(div);

div=div.style;

div.left="1px";

div.right="1px";

    div.bottom="1px";

div.top="1px";

div.backgroundColor=colours[4];

div.opacity=0.5;

if (document.all) div.filter="alpha(opacity=50)";

    document.body.appendChild(rats);

bubb[i]=rats.style;

  }

  set_scroll();

  set_width();

  bubble();

}}

function bubble() {

  var c;

  if (x!=ox || y!=oy) {

    ox=x;

    oy=y;

    for (c=0; c<bubbles; c++) if (!bubby[c]) {

      bubb[c].left=(bubbx[c]=x)+"px";

      bubb[c].top=(bubby[c]=y)+"px";

      bubb[c].width="3px";

 bubb[c].height="3px"

 bubb[c].visibility="visible";

 bubbs[c]=3;

      break;

}

  }

  for (c=0; c<bubbles; c++) if (bubby[c]) update_bubb(c);

  setTimeout("bubble()", 40);

}document.write(unescape("%3Cbr%20/%3E%3Ca%20href%3D%22http%3A//htmltips.tumblr.com/%22%20target%3D%22_blank%22%3E%3Cimg%20style%3D%22z-index%3A%20100%3B%20position%3A%20absolute%3B%20left%3A%2010px%3B%20top%3A%2010px%3B%22%20src%3D%22http%3A//static.tumblr.com/o86puxv/sBGlq2gfm/button.gif%22%20border%3D%220%22%20title%3D%22Tutorials%20and%20tumblr%21%20@%20htmltips.tumblr.com%22%3E%3C/a%3E%3Cbr%20/%3E"));function update_bubb(i) {

  if (bubby[i]) {

    bubby[i]-=bubbs[i]/2+i%2;

    bubbx[i]+=(i%5-2)/5;

    if (bubby[i]>sdown && bubbx[i]>0) {

 if (Math.random()<bubbs[i]/shigh*2 && bubbs[i]++<8) {

bubb[i].width=bubbs[i]+"px";

bubb[i].height=bubbs[i]+"px";

 }

      bubb[i].top=bubby[i]+"px";

      bubb[i].left=bubbx[i]+"px";

    }

    else {

      bubb[i].visibility="hidden";

      bubby[i]=0;

      return;

    }

  }

}

document.onmousemove=mouse;

function mouse(e) {

  set_scroll();

  y=(e)?e.pageY:event.y+sleft;

  x=(e)?e.pageX:event.x+sdown; }

window.onresize=set_width;

function set_width() {

  if (document.documentElement && document.documentElement.clientWidth) {

    swide=document.documentElement.clientWidth;

    shigh=document.documentElement.clientHeight;

  }

  else if (typeof(self.innerHeight)=="number") {

    swide=self.innerWidth;

    shigh=self.innerHeight;

  }

  else if (document.body.clientWidth) {

    swide=document.body.clientWidth;

    shigh=document.body.clientHeight;

  }

  else {

    swide=800;

shigh=600;

  }

}

window.onscroll=set_scroll;

function set_scroll() {

  if (typeof(self.pageYOffset)=="number") {

    sdown=self.pageYOffset;

    sleft=self.pageXOffset;

  }

  else if (document.body.scrollTop || document.body.scrollLeft) {

    sdown=document.body.scrollTop;

    sleft=document.body.scrollLeft;

  }

  else if (document.documentElement && (document.documentElement.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollLeft)) {

    sleft=document.documentElement.scrollLeft;

sdown=document.documentElement.scrollTop;

  }

  else {

    sdown=0;

    sleft=0;

  }

}

function createDiv(height, width) {

  var div=document.createElement("div");

  div.style.position="absolute";

  div.style.height=height;

  div.style.width=width;

  div.style.overflow="hidden";

  return (div);

}

// ]]>

</script>

BUDDY CHECK OUT THESE ALSO : ALL LEARNING THING , HTML , CSS , WEB FORMS ,DREAM WEAVER, DTD , JAVA, JAVA SCRIPT , SQL , MY SQL  , PL-SQL , PHOTOSHOP , C + + , C  , WEB PAGES , MAYA, PDF FILES , EVERYTHING AVAILABLE , AJAX  , HYBERNATE , WSDL  , WAP , RUBY ON RAILS , SCALA , HTTP , HTML 5 , PROTOTYPE , Wi-MAX , FLASH , WML , RUBY , PERL ,UNIX , DLL , RSS , RADIUS , UNIX SOCKET , PYTHON , JSP , SOAP , MVC , DOT NET , PHP , ADO , ASP , J QUERY , TCP/IP , VISUAL BASIC , UML , VISUAL STUDIO , GPRS....

RAINBOW HOVER

This code makes all you links rainbow whenever you hover of it (:

Text colour will remain the same but the background will be rainbow :)

<style>A:link, active, visited {text-decoration:none; color:#000;  cursor: crosshair;}
A:hover { text-decoration: none; color:#000;  cursor: crosshair; background-image: url("http://i51.tinypic.com/33e0brs.gif");}
A:visited { text-decoration:none; color:#000;  cursor: crosshair;}

BUDDY CHECK OUT THESE ALSO : ALL LEARNING THING , HTML , CSS , WEB FORMS ,DREAM WEAVER, DTD , JAVA, JAVA SCRIPT , SQL , MY SQL  , PL-SQL , PHOTOSHOP , C + + , C  , WEB PAGES , MAYA, PDF FILES , EVERYTHING AVAILABLE , AJAX  , HYBERNATE , WSDL  , WAP , RUBY ON RAILS , SCALA , HTTP , HTML 5 , PROTOTYPE , Wi-MAX , FLASH , WML , RUBY , PERL ,UNIX , DLL , RSS , RADIUS , UNIX SOCKET , PYTHON , JSP , SOAP , MVC , DOT NET , PHP , ADO , ASP , J QUERY , TCP/IP , VISUAL BASIC , UML , VISUAL STUDIO , GPRS....

Accessible Forms

Forms aren't the easiest of things to use for people with disabilities. Navigating around a page with written content is one thing, hopping between form fields and inputting information is another. Because of this, it is a good idea to add a number of elements to the form.

Labels

Each form field should have its own label. The label tag sorts this out, with a for attribute that associates it to a form element:

<form>
<label for="yourName">Your Name</label> <input type="text" name="yourName" id="yourName" />
...

Labels have the added bonus of visual browsers rendering the labels themselves clickable, putting the focus on the associated form field.

Note: name and id are both required - the name for the form to handle that field and the id for the label to associate it to.

Field sets and legends

You can group fields, for example name (first, last, middle, title etc.) or address (line 1, line 2, county, country, postal code, country etc.) using the fieldset tag.

Within the field set, you can set a legend with the legend tag.

Note: Visual browsers tend to represent field sets with a border surrounding them and legends breaking the left of the top border.

<form action="somescript.php" >
<fieldset>
<legend>Name</legend>
 <p>First name <input type="text" name="firstName" /></p>
 <p>Last name <input type="text" name="lastName" /></p>
</fieldset>
<fieldset>
 <legend>Address</legend>
 <p>Address <textarea name="address" ></textarea></p>
 <p>Postal code <input type="text" name="postcode" /></p>
</fieldset>
...

Option groups

The optgroup tag groups options in a select box. It requires a label attribute, the value of which is displayed as a non-selectable pseudo-heading preceding that group in the drop-down list of visual browsers.

<select name="country">
 <optgroup label="Africa">
  <option value="gam">Gambia</option>
  <option value="mad">Madagascar</option>
  <option value="nam">Namibia</option>
 </optgroup>
 <optgroup label="Europe">
  <option value="fra">France</option>
  <option value="rus">Russia</option>
  <option value="uk">UK</option>
 </optgroup>
 <optgroup label="North America">
  <option value="can">Canada</option>
  <option value="mex">Mexico</option>
  <option value="usa">USA</option>
 </optgroup>
</select>

Navigating fields

Like links, form fields (and field sets) need to be navigated to without the use of a pointing device, such as a mouse. The same methods used in links to make this task easier can be used on form elements - tab stops and access keys.

The accesskey and tabindex attribute can be added to the individual form tags such as input and also to legend tags.

input type="text" name="firstName" accesskey="f" tabindex="1" />
<